See caramelo on Wiktionary
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[
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{
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"4": "",
"5": "honey cane"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
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],
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],
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}
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"tags": [
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"tags": [
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{
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{
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"4": "",
"5": "honey cane"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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102,
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"ref": "2025 November 18, Alex de Oliveira, Marília Mendonça, “Caramelo: o vira-lata que virou símbolo nacional e maior sucesso da Netflix”, in Revista Encontro, Belo Horizonte, archived from the original on 24 Nov 2025:",
"text": "O jornalista e influenciador Luiz Cabral é pai de duas vira-latinhas, Phoebe e Milly, esta última uma caramelo resgatada das ruas pela sobrinha.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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"ref": "2026 August 12, Jane Zanetti, “Abandono não escolhe raça, tamanho ou valor de mercado”, in O Bom da Notícia, Cuiabá, archived from the original on 12 Aug 2026:",
"text": "O famoso caramelo tornou-se um símbolo nacional. Está nas redes sociais, nos memes e nas campanhas de adoção. Mas, por trás da simpatia, existe uma realidade que precisa ser transformada. Milhares desses animais ainda aguardam uma oportunidade em abrigos ou sobrevivem nas ruas.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
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],
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],
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[
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[
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[
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[
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],
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"feminine",
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}
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ɾaˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐ.ɾɐˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌka.ɾɐ.ˈmɛ.lʊ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q5146 (por)-Ed Guimaraes-caramelo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlu"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱélh₂m̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱélh₂m̥"
],
[
"κάλαμος",
"κάλαμος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"calamus",
"calamus#Latin"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"calamus",
"calamus#Latin"
],
[
"cannamellis",
"cannamellis#Latin"
],
[
"canna",
"canna#Latin"
],
[
"mellis",
"mellis#Latin"
],
[
"mel",
"mel#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "roa-opt:caramelo<ety:inh<la-lat:calamellus>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed, straw\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱélh₂m̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάλαμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"caramelo\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "caramelo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "calamellus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin calamellus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "calamus"
},
"expansion": "Latin calamus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "cannamellis",
"4": "",
"5": "honey cane"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelo\nFrom Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus, diminutive of Latin calamus, or alternatively from Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”), probably from Latin canna + mellis, genitive of mel (“honey”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"inv": "1"
},
"expansion": "caramelo (invariable)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ca",
"ra",
"me",
"lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 13 21 4 4 13 18 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "pt:Dogs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"caramel (of a yellow-brown color)"
],
"id": "en-caramelo-pt-adj-wThld9bu",
"links": [
[
"caramel",
"caramel"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ɾaˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐ.ɾɐˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌka.ɾɐ.ˈmɛ.lʊ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q5146 (por)-Ed Guimaraes-caramelo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlu"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "caramelo",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ca",
"ra",
"me",
"lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 3 4 22 5 1 3 11 18 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 4 4 20 4 1 4 11 22 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 3 4 22 5 1 3 11 18 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 24 7 1 2 31 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 29 9 1 4 22 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 21 4 4 13 18 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "pt:Dogs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "caramelar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative of caramelar"
],
"id": "en-caramelo-pt-verb-oDbz24iY",
"links": [
[
"caramelar",
"caramelar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ɾaˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐ.ɾɐˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌka.ɾɐ.ˈmɛ.lʊ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q5146 (por)-Ed Guimaraes-caramelo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlu"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a punto de caramelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bastón de caramelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "manzana de caramelo"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caramel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamelli"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caramel"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karmel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamel",
"word": "կարամել"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamelʹ",
"word": "карамель"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamélʹ",
"word": "караме́ль"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamélʹ",
"word": "караме́ль"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caramel"
},
{
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamelo"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱélh₂m̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱélh₂m̥"
],
[
"κάλαμος",
"κάλαμος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"calamus",
"calamus#Latin"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"caramillo",
"caramillo#Spanish"
],
[
"churumbela",
"churumbela#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "pt:caramelo",
"text": ":la",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelobor.\nSpanish caramelo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed, straw\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱélh₂m̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάλαμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"caramelo\">\nBorrowed from Portuguese caramelo, from Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "caramillo",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "caramillo",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "churumbela",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "churumbela",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelobor.\nSpanish caramelo\nBorrowed from Portuguese caramelo, from Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus. Doublet of the inherited caramillo and the Middle French borrowing churumbela.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caramelos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "caramelo m (plural caramelos)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧ra‧me‧lo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ca‧ra‧me‧lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"caramel"
],
"id": "en-caramelo-es-noun-pAAQ1gRm",
"links": [
[
"caramel",
"caramel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Sweets",
"orig": "es:Sweets",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"candy"
],
"id": "en-caramelo-es-noun-TRYIyEnx",
"links": [
[
"candy",
"candy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dulce"
},
{
"word": "golosina"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaɾaˈmelo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka.ɾaˈme.lo]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-elo"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"descendants": [
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"lang_code": "es",
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[
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"name": "etymon"
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"3": "calamellus"
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"name": "inh"
},
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{
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"3": "cannamellis",
"4": "",
"5": "honey cane"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
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}
],
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{
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},
{
"word": "caramelização"
},
{
"word": "caramelizar"
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],
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],
"glosses": [
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],
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],
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"(uncountable) caramel (confection)"
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"candy made of caramel"
],
"links": [
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"candy"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"any candy"
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"links": [
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"candy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) any candy"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "doce"
}
],
"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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],
"synonyms": [
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"word": "sincelo"
}
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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}
],
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"tags": [
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{
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"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
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{
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"tags": [
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"name": "etymon"
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"3": "calamellus"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "calamus"
},
"expansion": "Latin calamus",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "pt",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "cannamellis",
"4": "",
"5": "honey cane"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
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"lo"
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{
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"Portuguese colloquialisms",
"Portuguese endearing terms",
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"ref": "2025 November 18, Alex de Oliveira, Marília Mendonça, “Caramelo: o vira-lata que virou símbolo nacional e maior sucesso da Netflix”, in Revista Encontro, Belo Horizonte, archived from the original on 24 Nov 2025:",
"text": "O jornalista e influenciador Luiz Cabral é pai de duas vira-latinhas, Phoebe e Milly, esta última uma caramelo resgatada das ruas pela sobrinha.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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17
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],
"ref": "2026 August 12, Jane Zanetti, “Abandono não escolhe raça, tamanho ou valor de mercado”, in O Bom da Notícia, Cuiabá, archived from the original on 12 Aug 2026:",
"text": "O famoso caramelo tornou-se um símbolo nacional. Está nas redes sociais, nos memes e nas campanhas de adoção. Mas, por trás da simpatia, existe uma realidade que precisa ser transformada. Milhares desses animais ainda aguardam uma oportunidade em abrigos ou sobrevivem nas ruas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
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{
"word": "vira-lata"
}
],
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[
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"stereotypical"
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[
"mutt",
"mutt"
],
[
"caramel",
"caramel"
],
[
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"coat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vira-lata caramelo"
}
],
"tags": [
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"by-personal-gender",
"colloquial",
"endearing",
"feminine",
"masculine"
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}
],
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"tags": [
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{
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"tags": [
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{
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{
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],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"calamus",
"calamus#Latin"
],
[
"cannamellis",
"cannamellis#Latin"
],
[
"canna",
"canna#Latin"
],
[
"mellis",
"mellis#Latin"
],
[
"mel",
"mel#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "roa-opt:caramelo<ety:inh<la-lat:calamellus>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed, straw\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱélh₂m̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάλαμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"caramelo\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "caramelo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "calamellus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin calamellus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "calamus"
},
"expansion": "Latin calamus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "cannamellis",
"4": "",
"5": "honey cane"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelo\nFrom Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus, diminutive of Latin calamus, or alternatively from Early Medieval Latin cannamellis (“honey cane”), probably from Latin canna + mellis, genitive of mel (“honey”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"inv": "1"
},
"expansion": "caramelo (invariable)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ca",
"ra",
"me",
"lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"caramel (of a yellow-brown color)"
],
"links": [
[
"caramel",
"caramel"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ɾaˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐ.ɾɐˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌka.ɾɐ.ˈmɛ.lʊ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q5146 (por)-Ed Guimaraes-caramelo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlu"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 4-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verb forms",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛlu",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛlu/4 syllables",
"es:Sweets",
"pt:Browns",
"pt:Dogs",
"pt:Sweets"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "caramelo",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ca",
"ra",
"me",
"lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "caramelar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative of caramelar"
],
"links": [
[
"caramelar",
"caramelar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ɾaˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐ.ɾɐˈmɛ.lu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌka.ɾɐ.ˈmɛ.lʊ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q5146 (por)-Ed Guimaraes-caramelo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav/LL-Q5146_%28por%29-Ed_Guimaraes-caramelo.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlu"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/elo",
"Rhymes:Spanish/elo/4 syllables",
"Spanish 4-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"Spanish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Spanish terms derived from Late Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Spanish terms derived from Portuguese",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱélh₂m̥",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish terms with audio pronunciation",
"es:Sweets"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "a punto de caramelo"
},
{
"word": "bastón de caramelo"
},
{
"word": "manzana de caramelo"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caramel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamelli"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caramel"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karmel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamel",
"word": "կարամել"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamelʹ",
"word": "карамель"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamélʹ",
"word": "караме́ль"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "karamélʹ",
"word": "караме́ль"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamell"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamel"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "caramel"
},
{
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "karamelo"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱélh₂m̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱélh₂m̥"
],
[
"κάλαμος",
"κάλαμος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"calamus",
"calamus#Latin"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Portuguese"
],
[
"caramelo",
"caramelo#Old_Galician-Portuguese"
],
[
"calamellus",
"calamellus#Latin"
],
[
"caramillo",
"caramillo#Spanish"
],
[
"churumbela",
"churumbela#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "pt:caramelo",
"text": ":la",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelobor.\nSpanish caramelo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed, straw\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱélh₂m̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάλαμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamellus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"caramelo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"caramelo\">\nBorrowed from Portuguese caramelo, from Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "caramillo",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "caramillo",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "churumbela",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "churumbela",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLate Latin calamellus\nOld Galician-Portuguese caramelo\nPortuguese caramelobor.\nSpanish caramelo\nBorrowed from Portuguese caramelo, from Old Galician-Portuguese caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus. Doublet of the inherited caramillo and the Middle French borrowing churumbela.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caramelos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "caramelo m (plural caramelos)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧ra‧me‧lo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ca‧ra‧me‧lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"caramel"
],
"links": [
[
"caramel",
"caramel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"candy"
],
"links": [
[
"candy",
"candy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dulce"
},
{
"word": "golosina"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaɾaˈmelo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka.ɾaˈme.lo]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-elo"
}
],
"word": "caramelo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for caramelo meaning in All languages combined (33.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2755",
"msg": "usually in singular in section verbs",
"path": [
"caramelo"
],
"section": "Portuguese",
"subsection": "verbs",
"title": "caramelo",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.